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Changes: Mary, Queen of Scots

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|gender = Female
  
|gender = Female
 
|fullname = Mary Stuart<ref>''[[Henry VIII's Wives]]'', [[Alison Prince]], page 233</ref>
  
|fullname = Mary Stuart<ref>''[[Henry VIII's Wives]]'', [[Alison Prince]], page 233</ref>
−
|nicknames = Marie (French)<ref>''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], page 18</ref>
 +
|nicknames = ''Marie'' (French)<ref>''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], page 18</ref>
 
|born = December 8, 1542<ref>''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], page 3</ref><ref name="FT">''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], The Stuart-de Guise Family Tree, pages 186-188</ref>
  
|born = December 8, 1542<ref>''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], page 3</ref><ref name="FT">''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]'', [[Kathryn Lasky]], The Stuart-de Guise Family Tree, pages 186-188</ref>
 
|death = February 8, 1587<ref name="FT"></ref>
  
|death = February 8, 1587<ref name="FT"></ref>
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In March 1554, Mary dismissed [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Minor characters|Lord Arran]] from his position as her Regent. Her mother, Mary de Guise, subsequently took over the position. Mary's new music teacher, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Minor characters|Lorenzo Marcellini]] arrived. Not long after, Mary Fleming began acting strange, until the Marys learned that Marcellini was harassing her. Mary started to suspect that someone was searching her room, which she discovered Marcellini on Catherine's orders. In December 1554, Mary invited Catherine to her First Communion, therefore forgiving her.
  
In March 1554, Mary dismissed [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Minor characters|Lord Arran]] from his position as her Regent. Her mother, Mary de Guise, subsequently took over the position. Mary's new music teacher, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Minor characters|Lorenzo Marcellini]] arrived. Not long after, Mary Fleming began acting strange, until the Marys learned that Marcellini was harassing her. Mary started to suspect that someone was searching her room, which she discovered Marcellini on Catherine's orders. In December 1554, Mary invited Catherine to her First Communion, therefore forgiving her.
 
===Later life===
  
===Later life===
−
On April 24 1558, Mary married Francis in a grand ceremony at [[wikipedia:Notre Dame de Paris|Notre Dame]]. Nearly seven months later, Mary's cousin [[Elizabeth I]] was crowned Queen of England, after the death of [[Mary I|Mary Tudor]]. Mary's father-in-law, Henry II considered Elizabeth to be an illegitimate child, therefore declaring Mary Queen of England instead. Francis ascended the throne of France, but died of an ear affection in 1560.
 +
[[File:Elizabeth-I.png|thumb|Mary's cousin, [[Elizabeth I|Elizabeth]]]]On April 24 1558, Mary married Francis in a grand ceremony at [[wikipedia:Notre Dame de Paris|Notre Dame]]. Some seven months later, Mary's cousin [[Elizabeth I]] was crowned Queen of England, after the death of [[Mary I|Mary Tudor]]. Mary's father-in-law, Henry II considered Elizabeth to be an illegitimate child, therefore declaring Mary the true Queen of England. Francis ascended the throne of France, but died of an ear affection in 1560. Mary waited nearly a year, before returning to her homeland.
   
−
Mary went on to marry her first cousin, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]], who died in a mysterious explosion in 1567. They had one child, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|James VI and I]]. Mary's son became King of Scotland, after she was forced to abdicate the throne. Her third husband, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|James Hepburn]], suspected of murdering her second, died in 1578. Mary was found guilty of treason against her cousin, Elizabeth, and later beheaded on February 8, 1587.
 +
A "staunch" Catholic, Mary found that Scotland had turned Protestant in her absence. In 1565, Mary married her first cousin, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]], who died under suspicious circumstances two years later. They had one child, the future King of Scotland and England, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|James VI and I]]. After marrying her third husband, [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Epilogue characters|James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell]], Mary was forced to abdicate her throne. Her third husband again died in a Danish prison in 1578.
  +
  +
Mary fled to England, expecting support from her cousin, Queen Elizabeth. However, Elizabeth imprisoned Mary, fearing she may claim the English throne for herself. Over the following years, several plots to free Mary failed, all of which involved the Catholics trying to overthrow Elizabeth. In 1586, Queen Elizabeth's secretary of state, [[List of The Queen's Spies characters#Minor characters|Francis Walsingham]] proved Mary's complicity in the [[wikipedia:Babington Plot|Babington Plot]]. Mary was found guilty, but Elizabeth was reluctant to sign her death warrant. Nonetheless, Mary was beheaded on February 8, 1587.
 
==Personality and traits==
  
==Personality and traits==
 
A devout Catholic, Mary always aimed to overcome her faults as well as her aversion to certain people. She particularly disliked [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Catherine de Medici|Catherine de Medici]], Queen of France and her future mother-in-law. Mary surmised that two Queens in one country was too much. After "examining her conscience," she eventually learned to be kind and sympathetic to Catherine. One of Mary's key traits was her impulsiveness.
  
A devout Catholic, Mary always aimed to overcome her faults as well as her aversion to certain people. She particularly disliked [[List of Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country characters#Catherine de Medici|Catherine de Medici]], Queen of France and her future mother-in-law. Mary surmised that two Queens in one country was too much. After "examining her conscience," she eventually learned to be kind and sympathetic to Catherine. One of Mary's key traits was her impulsiveness.
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{{Stuart-de Guise tree}}
  
{{Stuart-de Guise tree}}
 
==Behind the scenes==
  
==Behind the scenes==
−
*Mary is the main character of [[Kathryn Lasky|Kathryn Lasky's]] ''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]''.
 +
*Mary is the main character of [[Kathryn Lasky|Kathryn Lasky's]] ''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]''. Lasky also wrote, ''[[Elizabeth I: Red Rose of the House of Tudor]]''.
 
==Appearances==
  
==Appearances==
 
*''[[Henry VIII's Wives]]'' {{Mention}}
  
*''[[Henry VIII's Wives]]'' {{Mention}}
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*''[[Lady Jane Grey]]'' {{Mention}}
  
*''[[Lady Jane Grey]]'' {{Mention}}
 
*''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]''
  
*''[[Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country]]''
  +
*''[[The Queen's Spies]]'' {{Mention}}
 
==References==
  
==References==
 
{{Reflist}}
  
{{Reflist}}

Revision as of 22:46, 30 March 2017

The following article contains a fictional portrayal of a real-life person or persons. Details in this article may differ from real world facts. For more information on the historical figure(s), consult the links provided within or at the bottom of the article.

"These are very secret thoughts that I now commit to these pages, but I must write them out, for indeed they have been haunting me since I last wrote in my diary. Until that moment when I wrote those words, wondering what it would be like to be of simple birth, I had never contemplated a notion of marriage for reasons other than those of state and politics and power and kingdoms."
—Mary, Queen of Scots[6]

Mary, Queen of Scots (French: Marie; December 8, 1542 – February 8, 1587), also known as Mary Stuart, was the ruler of Scotland, after her father James V. Her mother, also named Mary was from the powerful de Guise family. At a young age, Mary was betrothed to the future King of France, Francis.

Biography

Early life

Mary was born on December 8, 1542 to James V, the Scottish King, and Mary de Guise, a French noblewoman. She was related to the Tudor family through her father, whose mother, Margaret Tudor was the sister of Henry VIII of England.

At six days old, she became Queen of Scots upon the death of her father. Lord Arran, Duke of Châtellerault was appointed as Regent to rule in Mary's place. Before the age of five, Mary was betrothed to Dauphin, Francis, and sent to learn the ways of the French court.

1553 – 1554

In December 1553, Mary was still living with the French royal family, King Henry II and Queen Catherine de Medici. Mary missed her mother, whom she had last seen three years prior. Nevertheless, Mary was happy with her friends, particularly the Four Marys, Mary Beaton, Mary Fleming, Mary Seton, and Mary Livingston, her beloved ladies-in-waiting. Mary was allowed to have her own household, which also gave Mary her own domestic staff.

Meanwhile, Mary and the other royal children, Francis, Elizabeth and Claude, later visited Diane de Poitiers at her home in Anet. Diane was beloved by the children, especially Mary, who saw her as a mother figure. After returning to court, the Queen's astrologer, Nostradamus made a prediction about Mary, which troubled her at first until she discussed it with Nostradamus. In February, Mary had a bad reaction to a white paste used to cover her freckles. The same month, Mary Beaton nearly died when she attempted to save Mary's dog, Puff from drowning.

In March 1554, Mary dismissed Lord Arran from his position as her Regent. Her mother, Mary de Guise, subsequently took over the position. Mary's new music teacher, Lorenzo Marcellini arrived. Not long after, Mary Fleming began acting strange, until the Marys learned that Marcellini was harassing her. Mary started to suspect that someone was searching her room, which she discovered Marcellini on Catherine's orders. In December 1554, Mary invited Catherine to her First Communion, therefore forgiving her.

Later life

Elizabeth-I

Mary's cousin, Elizabeth

On April 24 1558, Mary married Francis in a grand ceremony at Notre Dame. Some seven months later, Mary's cousin Elizabeth I was crowned Queen of England, after the death of Mary Tudor. Mary's father-in-law, Henry II considered Elizabeth to be an illegitimate child, therefore declaring Mary the true Queen of England. Francis ascended the throne of France, but died of an ear affection in 1560. Mary waited nearly a year, before returning to her homeland.

A "staunch" Catholic, Mary found that Scotland had turned Protestant in her absence. In 1565, Mary married her first cousin, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who died under suspicious circumstances two years later. They had one child, the future King of Scotland and England, James VI and I. After marrying her third husband, James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, Mary was forced to abdicate her throne. Her third husband again died in a Danish prison in 1578.

Mary fled to England, expecting support from her cousin, Queen Elizabeth. However, Elizabeth imprisoned Mary, fearing she may claim the English throne for herself. Over the following years, several plots to free Mary failed, all of which involved the Catholics trying to overthrow Elizabeth. In 1586, Queen Elizabeth's secretary of state, Francis Walsingham proved Mary's complicity in the Babington Plot. Mary was found guilty, but Elizabeth was reluctant to sign her death warrant. Nonetheless, Mary was beheaded on February 8, 1587.

Personality and traits

A devout Catholic, Mary always aimed to overcome her faults as well as her aversion to certain people. She particularly disliked Catherine de Medici, Queen of France and her future mother-in-law. Mary surmised that two Queens in one country was too much. After "examining her conscience," she eventually learned to be kind and sympathetic to Catherine. One of Mary's key traits was her impulsiveness.

As a child, Mary longed for Scotland, which she considered her homeland. She spoke Gaelic and enjoyed engaging in Scottish traditions with the Four Marys. Mary also enjoyed outdoor activities, such as horseback riding, hawking, hunting, and archery. She took lessons in mathematics, music, Latin and Greek.

Family tree

The Stuart-de Guise Family Tree[4]
 
 
René de Lorraine II
(1451-1508)
 
Phillipine von Geldern
(1564-1547)
 
Francois de Bourbon
(1470-1537)
 
Marie de Luxembourg
(1476-1546)
 
♚James Stuart III
(1451-1488)
 
Margaret Oldenburg
(1456-1486)
 
♛Henry Tudor VII
(1457-1509)
 
Elizabeth Plantagenet
(1465-1503)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Claud de Guise
(1496-1550)
 
Antoinette de Bourbon
(1493-1582)
 
 
 
 
 
(1) ♚James Stuart IV
(1472-1513)
 
Margaret Tudor
(1489-1541)
 
(2) Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus
(1489-1557)
 
Tudor family
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anne d'Este
 
Francis de Guise
 
Charles
 
Mary de Guise
(1515-1560)
 
♚James V
(1512-1542)
 
Matthew Stewart, Earl of Lennox
(1516-1571)
 
Margaret Douglas
(1515-1578)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1) ♜Francis de Valois II
(1544-1560)
 
♚Mary, Queen of Scots
(1542-1587)
 
(2) Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley
(c.1545-1567)
 
(3) James Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell
(c.1535-1578)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
♚♛James VI and I
(1566-1625)
Key:
♛ - King of England
♚ - King or Queen of Scotland
♜ - King of France

Behind the scenes

Appearances

References

  1. ↑ Henry VIII's Wives, Alison Prince, page 233
  2. ↑ Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country, Kathryn Lasky, page 18
  3. ↑ Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country, Kathryn Lasky, page 3
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country, Kathryn Lasky, The Stuart-de Guise Family Tree, pages 186-188
  5. ↑ Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country, Kathryn Lasky, page 4
  6. ↑ Mary, Queen of Scots: Queen Without a Country, Kathryn Lasky, page 117

External links

Preceded by:
James V 		Queen of Scots
1542 – 1567 		Succeeded by:
James VI and I
Preceded by:
Catherine de Medici 		Dauphine of France
1558 – 1559 		Succeeded by:
Unknown, eventually Marie Antoinette
Preceded by:
Elizabeth I 		The Royal Diaries protagonists
1553 – 1554 		Succeeded by:
Nzingha
Preceded by:
Matilda Middleton 		My Story protagonists
1553 – 1554 		Succeeded by:
Catherine Lumsden

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